Запослене жене у Србији зарађују 8,5 одсто мање од мушкараца на истим позицијама. Као могући узроци наводе се мајчинство и напуштање посла због проширења породице, као и уверење да су жене емотивније и да због тога не могу успешно да руководе.
Ако су имале среће да се запосле, жене у Србији ће зарађивати 8,5 одсто мање него мушкарци на истим позицијама, показало је истраживање спроведено поводом Дана жена.
Ова разлика је мања него у неким земљама централне Европе - у Чешкој износи 16 одсто, у Словачкој 15 одсто и у Мађарској 12 одсто.
Испитаници, претежно женског пола, као могући узрок овој појави истичу веровање да жене ређе добијају шансу да напредују из два разлога: зато што жене сваког часа могу одлучити да заснују или прошире породицу и напусте компанију, али и због тога што се посматрају као слабији пол и емотивне, те да неће моћи да руководе и контролишу друге људе ефикасно.
Са друге стране, према мишљењу претежно мушких испитаника, један од важнијих узрока за разлику у примањима мушкараца и жена је уверење да су код мушкараца често израженије оне личне особине и способности које доприносе пословном напретку - лидерске способности, самопоуздање, преданост послу, усмереност на финансијске резултате.
Такође, један од могућих узрока је и то да жене прихватају мању плату и да се ређе боре за повишицу.
Најмањи број свих испитаника, како мушког тако и женског пола, сматра да је вероватно да жене саме бирају послове који су генерално слабије плаћени и да су жене мање амбициозне, те им успешна каријера није толико битна.
Породица препрека за напредовање жене?
Одређени број испитаника оба пола сматра да је један од могућих узрока за мања примања жена породиљско одсуство због којег жене изгубе годину или више дана у грађењу каријере, па зато спорије и напредују у односу на мушкарце.
Они који сматрају да је породица за жене препрека у напредовању на послу испитивани су о томе како, по њиховом мишљењу, мајчинство утиче на ефикасност на послу.
Приближно трећина њих је рекла да утиче врло повољно јер деца могу бити подстрек за веће успехе у каријери. Сваки пети сматра да оно може повољно утицати, а исти број мисли да мајчинство не утиче на ефикасност на послу.
Да оно утиче негативно на посао сматра 15 одсто испитаника, а нешто мањи број сматра да је тај утицај врло негативан, јер је фокус са посла пребачен на децу.
Према резултатима овог истраживања, готово две трећине (61 одсто) испитаника се при запошљавању није сусрело са полном дискриминацијом.
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